Often, when meeting with a new buyer, the first question is about opportunity. For example, the question "Where are the foreclosures and how do I get one?" is an every week occurrence. So, I thought it would be useful to outline the different terms and definitions of distressed housing opportunities in simple terms.
Short Sale. What is a short sale? A short sale is when a Seller has contacted his mortgage holder(s) and negotiated to be able to sell their home for LESS THAN IS OWED on the property. So, for example: John & Jane Doe own a home that they paid $300,000.00 for in 2005 and they did 100% financing. The current market value is dictating that that home will sell at $275,000.00 yet they still owe $295,000.00 on the home plus fees. The bank will ask for market data from the seller's Realtor and then determine if a short sale is an acceptable avenue for pay-off at a loss. Then, once a contract from a buyer comes in, it will be negotiated between the buyer and seller and submitted to the mortgage holder for final approval which can take anywhere from 1-10 months from contract to close.
So, the big question is, are short sales a good deal? The answer is sometimes. It is important to have a Realtor who knows the market in which you wish to purchase...Just because you're buying a house for (in this example) $25,000 less than what the previous homeowner paid for it, the neighbor who has lived in his home since 1987 may be able to part with their property at or below what the bank has negotiated with the buyer, which, may in fact, be fair market value.
Foreclosure. A lot of people want to buy a foreclosure. However, that word is often misused by the public. A property is either in foreclosure OR is at sheriff's sale. The only opportunity to purchase is during the time period in which the home has had all proper paperwork filed and the county will be putting it up for auction or rather, when it IS AT sheriff's sale. The requirements at sheriff sales are different in every county in Ohio but in Franklin and Delaware County (again, unless otherwise dictated by court order) a buyer must bid on the property on the day and time that the house is up for auction, the minimum bid must be 2/3 of the appraised value, a deposit in the amount of at least 10% of the appraised value that must be submitted once the buyer "wins" AND you must be able to close in 30 days. Just because these are the basic perameters, it certainly does not mean that the home will sell for only 2/3 of value. Because the bank has initiated the foreclosure (many months before) it will often end up back in the bank's portfolio because the property is not deemed worth 2/3 of the appraised value by potential buyers and because most of us are just not that financially liquid. At this point the property becomes an REO.
REO stands for Real Estate Owned. This means that a bank has retained the house that they foreclosed on and it did not sell at sheriff's sale. Each bank often has relationships with Realtors in each market with whom they will list the home. This typically occurs shortly after the foreclosure process has concluded depending on what modifications (paint/landscaping/updates - this all varies according to the financial institution) the bank may need to make the home saleable.
So the big question is are REO's a good deal? Again sometimes. If the bank does all of the right things and prices the home competitively, many buyers may be interested and the sale price will end up being fair. In some cases, if the bank does nothing to the home and prices it competitively but will entertain low offers, a buyer may have a good opportunity to get a home "below" market value.
So, what's the bottom line. It may sound obvious because of my profession but, GET A GOOD REALTOR! It is impossible to know all of the ins and outs of real estate, inventory, sales prices, valuations for just one purchase. A good agent does this for a living so makes it their job to be knowledgeable on market values, statistics, financing and opportunity. If you have any questions about any of these terms, please call me any time at 614-316-2294, I'd love to help!